Progress synced across all devices

Start on mobile, continue on desktop — seamlessly.
Mobile-friendly layout for on-the-go study

Optimised for small screens and thumb navigation.
No app install required — works in any browser

Chrome, Safari, Firefox — just open and learn.

Grammar B1

Loved by learners worldwide

Ready to stop guessing and start knowing?

Join thousands of learners who have found their CEFR level and built a real grammar foundation.

Start Learning Free Take Placement Test

Complete English Grammar - From Basic to Advanced

All English grammar topics organized by grammar category

Tense & Aspect

Present Simple (To Be)

Master Present Simple to be (am, is, are) to confidently describe identity, age, nationality, location, and feelings.

Past Simple (To Be: was / were)

Learn was and were, the Past Simple of to be, to confidently describe past states, identities, and locations.

Present Perfect (Extended)

Master advanced Present Perfect: for/since, just/already/yet/still, and the key contrast with Past Simple.

Present Perfect Continuous

Learn Present Perfect Continuous to focus on the duration of an ongoing activity, contrasted with Present Perfect.

Future Perfect

Learn Future Perfect (will have + past participle) to describe an action completed before a future point.

Stative vs Dynamic Verbs (Advanced Uses)

Explore stative vs dynamic verbs at an advanced level: dual-meaning verbs, special progressive uses, and aspect.

Present Simple

Learn Present Simple to describe habits, routines, general truths, and timetables with clear rules and signal words.

Past Simple

Master Past Simple to describe completed past actions with regular and irregular verbs, negatives, and questions.

Past Continuous

Learn Past Continuous to describe actions in progress at a past moment, with while/when and Past Simple contrast.

Past Perfect

Learn Past Perfect (had + past participle) to show an action completed before another past action.

Future Perfect Continuous

Learn Future Perfect Continuous (will have been + -ing) to emphasise duration up to a future point in time.

Aspect in Complex Narrative and Discourse

At C2 level, master aspect (simple vs continuous, perfect vs non-perfect) to control pace and focus in writing.

Present Continuous

Learn Present Continuous for actions happening now, temporary situations, trends, and future plans with -ing rules.

Future Simple (will)

Use will for spontaneous decisions, opinion-based predictions, promises, and offers, contrasted with going to.

Past Perfect Continuous

Learn Past Perfect Continuous (had been + -ing) to emphasise the duration of an activity before a past event.

Habitual Past (Used To vs Would)

Compare used to and would for past habits and states, and learn which one fits states versus repeated actions.

Future with Going To

Use going to for planned intentions and predictions based on evidence, and see how it contrasts with will.

Future Continuous

Learn Future Continuous for actions in progress at a future moment, planned arrangements, and polite enquiries.

Causative Verbs

Learn causative verbs (have, get, make, let, help) to show one person causing another to do something.

Present Perfect (Introduction)

Get started with Present Perfect: form, ever/never, already/yet, and how it links past events to now.

Modality (Modal Verbs)

Must / Can't for Logical Deduction

Learn Must and Can't for logical deduction in English — Must for near-certain conclusions and Can't for near-certain impossibilities.

Modal Perfect for Deduction (must have, can't have, might have)

Master modal perfects for past deduction in English — Must Have, Can't Have, Might Have, Should Have, and modal perfect continuous.

Should Have / Could Have / Would Have

Learn Should Have, Could Have, and Would Have to express regret and missed chances in English — essential for third conditionals.

Semi-Modals (be about to, be supposed to, be bound to)

Learn semi-modals like Be About To, Be Supposed To, and Be Bound To to express nuanced meanings core modal verbs in English cannot.

Needn't / Needn't Have

Learn Needn't and Needn't Have to express unnecessary actions in English, and see the key contrast with Mustn't and Didn't Need To.

Might / May

Learn Might and May to express possibility in English, form past possibility with Might/May Have, and use May for formal permission.

Have To / Don't Have To

Learn Have To and Don't Have To to express external obligation and lack of necessity in English, usable in every tense unlike Must.

Could

Learn Could for past ability, polite requests, present possibility, and conditionals in English, plus Could Have for missed chances.

Can / Can't

Learn Can and Can't to express ability, permission, and possibility in English, with clear A2 rules and common mistakes to avoid.

Shall

Learn Shall for offers and suggestions in everyday British English, plus its use for binding obligations in formal and legal writing.

Must / Mustn't

Learn Must and Mustn't to express strong obligation and prohibition in English, and know exactly when something is required or forbidden.

Should / Shouldn't

Learn Should and Shouldn't to give advice, state moral duty, and share expectations in English — gentler than Must and essential daily.

Nouns, Articles & Determiners

Common and Proper Nouns

Master common and proper nouns: know when to capitalize names and use general terms correctly in every sentence you write.

Singular and Plural Nouns

Singular and plural nouns: master the spelling rules for forming plurals and avoid common mistakes with irregular, uncountable nouns.

Indefinite Article (a / an)

Indefinite article a/an: learn when to use 'a' vs 'an' based on sound, and introduce singular nouns correctly the first time.

Definite Article (the)

Definite article 'the': learn its eight key uses for referring to things both speaker and listener already know, avoiding errors.

Zero Article

Zero article rules: learn when English omits 'a', 'an', and 'the' entirely — for general statements, languages, sports, fixed phrases.

Cardinal Numbers

Cardinal numbers 1, 2, 3: learn to form and spell numbers up to one million correctly, including tricky teens and tens rules.

Demonstratives (this, that, these, those)

Demonstratives this, that, these, those: master how to point to nouns by distance and number, used as determiners and pronouns.

Ordinal Numbers

Ordinal numbers first, second, third: learn to form them from cardinals, master irregular forms, use them for dates and floors.

Irregular Plurals

Irregular plurals like man→men, child→children, mouse→mice: memorize these unpredictable forms and stop making plural mistakes.

Uncountable Nouns

Uncountable nouns like water, information, and advice: learn the special grammar rules that govern them and avoid common errors.

Possessive Nouns ('s and s')

Possessive nouns with 's and s': learn to show ownership and relationships between nouns correctly in every context.

Quantifiers: some / any

Quantifiers some and any: learn when to use 'some' in statements and offers versus 'any' in questions and negatives correctly.

Quantifiers: much / many / a lot of

Much, many, and a lot of: learn which quantifier fits countable, uncountable, or both types of nouns to express large amounts.

Quantifiers: a few / a little

A few and a little: learn to express small positive quantities correctly with countable and uncountable nouns.

Advanced Article Usage

Advanced article usage for a/an, the, and zero article: master generics, unique nouns, and institutional expressions confidently.

Advanced Quantifiers (all, both, neither, either, none, every, each)

Advanced quantifiers all, both, neither, either, none, every, each: master their grammar patterns and subtle distinctions precisely.

Advanced Noun Phrases

Advanced noun phrases: master pre- and post-modification, nominalization, and dense noun stacking for academic, professional English.

Pronouns & Referencing

Subject Pronouns

Learn Subject Pronouns like I, you, he, she, it, we, they to build correct English sentences with confidence.

Object Pronouns

Master Object Pronouns like me, you, him, her, it, us, them to use verbs and prepositions correctly.

Possessive Pronouns

Learn Possessive Pronouns like mine, yours, his, hers to show ownership without repeating the noun.

Reflexive Pronouns

Learn Reflexive Pronouns like myself, yourself, himself to use when subject and object are the same.

Indefinite Pronouns (someone, anything, nobody, everyone)

Learn Indefinite Pronouns like someone, anything, nobody, everyone to refer to non-specific people or things.

Adjectives & Adverbs (Modification)

Descriptive Adjectives

Master Descriptive Adjectives like big, happy, blue to describe people and things vividly in English.

Possessive Adjectives

Learn Possessive Adjectives (my, your, his, her) to show ownership correctly before nouns in English.

Adverbs of Frequency

Learn Adverbs of Frequency like always, often, never to say how often things happen in English.

Comparative Adjectives

Master Comparative Adjectives (taller, more expensive) to compare two things correctly in English.

Superlative Adjectives

Learn Superlative Adjectives (the tallest, the most expensive) to describe the extreme in a group.

Order of Adjectives

Learn the correct Order of Adjectives (opinion, size, age, colour) to sound natural in English.

Adverbs of Manner

Learn Adverbs of Manner like quickly, carefully, well to describe how actions are done in English.

Adverbs of Degree

Learn Adverbs of Degree like very, quite, extremely to show intensity of adjectives in English.

Too and Enough

Master Too and Enough with adjectives and infinitives to express excess or sufficiency in English.

So and Such

Learn So and Such to intensify adjectives, adverbs, and noun phrases for emphasis in English.

Comparison Nuances

Explore Comparison Nuances like as…as, the…the, double comparatives for precise English comparisons.

Hedging and Approximation

Learn Hedging and Approximation (apparently, roughly, tend to) to soften claims in English writing.

Clauses & Conditionals

Zero Conditional

Learn the Zero Conditional (If/When + present simple) to state general truths, scientific facts, and habits confidently.

First Conditional

Learn the First Conditional (If + present simple, will + infinitive) to talk confidently about real future possibilities.

Second Conditional

Learn the Second Conditional (If + past simple, would + infinitive) to imagine hypothetical present or future situations.

Defining Relative Clauses

Master Defining Relative Clauses with who, which, that to identify exactly which person or thing you mean, with no commas.

Gerunds and Infinitives

Master gerunds (-ing) versus to + infinitive after verbs, adjectives, and nouns to sound natural and grammatically accurate.

Third Conditional

Learn the Third Conditional (If + past perfect, would have + past participle) to express regrets about the unchangeable past.

Mixed Conditionals

Master Mixed Conditionals to combine time frames, linking a past hypothetical cause with a present result and vice versa.

Alternatives to If (Unless, Provided That, As Long As, In Case)

Learn conditional alternatives to if — unless, provided that, as long as, in case — to vary your sentences naturally.

Non-Defining Relative Clauses

Master Non-Defining Relative Clauses, set off by commas, to add extra information smoothly, as in 'My sister, who lives in Paris...'.

Noun Clauses (That-clauses and Wh-clauses)

Master Noun Clauses (that-clauses and wh-clauses) to use whole clauses as subjects or objects, like 'I know that she left.'

Wish and If Only

Learn wish and if only to express regret or a desire for things to be different, as in 'I wish I had studied harder.'

Formal Subjunctive

Learn the Formal Subjunctive to sound professional in suggestions and demands, as in 'It is essential that she arrive on time.'

Advanced Conditionals (Inversion, Supposing, Assuming)

Master advanced conditionals — formal inversion (Had I known...) plus supposing, assuming, given that — for sophisticated English.

Participle Clauses (Sentence Shortening)

Master participle clauses (-ing, -ed, having + past participle) to shorten sentences smoothly, as in 'Walking home, I saw an accident.'

The Unreal Past (Beyond 'Wish' and 'If')

Learn unreal past structures — it's time, I'd rather, as if/as though, would sooner, had better — for nuanced English.

Free Relatives (whoever, whatever, wherever)

Master free relatives — whoever, whatever, whenever, wherever, however — to build flexible noun or adverb phrases.

What-Clauses

Master what-clauses as subject or complement to emphasize ideas, as in 'What surprised me was her reaction.'

Complex Sentence Architecture (Embedded, Absolute, and Verbless Clauses)

Master C2-level clause structures — deeply embedded, absolute, and verbless clauses — for polished academic and formal writing.

Sentence Syntax & Transformation

Basic Sentence Structure (SVO)

Master English Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) word order to build clear, grammatically correct sentences with confidence.

Imperatives

Learn Imperatives to give clear commands, instructions, and advice in English, like Open the door or Don't be late.

There is / There are

Learn There is / There are to describe existence of people or things clearly in everyday English conversation.

Extended Question Formation (How, Whose, Which)

Master Extended Question Formation with how, whose, and which to ask for specific details confidently.

Passive Voice (Introduction)

Learn Passive Voice basics to shift focus from doer to action using be + past participle in English.

Reported Speech (Introduction)

Learn Reported Speech basics to relay what someone said using reporting verbs and tense backshift correctly.

Question Tags

Master Question Tags to seek confirmation or agreement naturally, like You're coming, aren't you?

Indirect Questions

Learn Indirect Questions to ask polite, embedded questions, like Could you tell me where the station is?

Transitivity (Transitive vs. Intransitive Verbs)

Understand Transitivity to know which English verbs need an object and which don't, for accurate sentences.

Advanced Subject-Verb Agreement (The Exceptions)

Master Advanced Subject-Verb Agreement exceptions—collective nouns, either/neither, none—for flawless grammar.

Advanced Passive Voice

Master Advanced Passive Voice across tenses, modals, and impersonal structures like It is said that…

Advanced Reported Speech

Master Advanced Reported Speech to report commands, suggestions, and offers with varied reporting verbs.

Cleft Sentences

Learn Cleft Sentences to emphasize key information, like It was John who broke the window.

Inversion with Negative Adverbials

Master Inversion with Negative Adverbials for formal writing, like Never have I seen such chaos.

Advanced Passive (Infinitive, Gerund, and Reporting Structures)

Master Advanced Passive forms—infinitives, gerunds, reporting structures—like to be done and believed to have been.

Advanced Reported Speech Structures

Master Advanced Reported Speech Structures for mixed time references and formal hedging in English.

Fronting

Learn Fronting to move key elements to the front of a sentence for emphasis, like This I did not expect.

Advanced Inversion

Master Advanced Inversion in conditionals, after so/such, and in comparatives for high-level writing.

Ellipsis and Substitution

Learn Ellipsis and Substitution to avoid repetition and write natural English, like I can swim and so can she.

Nominalization

Master Nominalization to turn verbs and adjectives into nouns for formal, academic English writing.

Advanced Coordination (Parallel Structure and Correlative Conjunctions)

Master Advanced Coordination with parallel structure and correlative conjunctions like not only…but also.

Advanced Subordination (Participial, Absolute, and Infinitival Clauses)

Master Advanced Subordination with C2-level participial, absolute, and infinitival clauses for fluent English.

Prepositions & Phrasal Verbs

Prepositions of Place

Prepositions of Place: learn in, on, at, under, behind, between to describe locations accurately in English.

Prepositions of Time

Prepositions of Time: master at, on, in for clock times, days, dates, months and years in English.

Prepositions of Movement and Direction

Prepositions of Movement: learn to, into, through, across, along, towards, past to describe journeys in English.

Dependent Prepositions (The 'Glue')

Dependent Prepositions: learn fixed pairs like interested in, afraid of, good at for natural English.

Basic Phrasal Verbs

Basic Phrasal Verbs: learn give up, look after, turn on, find out to speak everyday English fluently.

Advanced Dependent Prepositions

Advanced Dependent Prepositions: master on behalf of, regardless of, in terms of for formal English.

Phrasal Verbs (Separable and Inseparable)

Separable & Inseparable Phrasal Verbs: learn where objects go for correct, natural English grammar.

Advanced Phrasal Verbs (Multi-Word Verbs and Idiomatic Usage)

Advanced Phrasal Verbs: master three-part verbs like look forward to, put up with for natural speech.

Word Formation (Morphology)

Basic Suffixes and Word Forms

Master Basic Suffixes like -er, -tion, -ly, -ful, -less to change word class and boost your vocabulary for TOEIC and IELTS.

Common Prefixes and Suffixes

Learn Common Prefixes and Suffixes like un-, re-, pre-, mis-, -ment, -ness, -ity, -ous to expand vocabulary fast for exams.

Word Families

Explore Word Families like act, action, active, actively, activate to build vocabulary systematically and remember words longer.

Derivation (Prefixes, Suffixes, Root Words)

Master Derivation with prefixes, suffixes, and Greek/Latin roots to decode new words and boost advanced vocabulary skills.

Conversion (Zero Derivation)

Understand Conversion (Zero Derivation) where words shift class without a suffix, like to email, to google, to water.

Complex Word Formation

Discover Complex Word Formation: compounding (notebook), blending (brunch), clipping (photo), and acronyms explained simply.

Nominalizations (Deverbal and Deadjectival Nouns)

Learn Nominalization: turning verbs (decide→decision) and adjectives (happy→happiness) into nouns for formal, academic writing.

Lexicogrammar (Collocation and Fixed Expressions)

Master Lexicogrammar collocations like make a decision, take responsibility, strong coffee to sound more natural in English.

Advanced Morphological Patterns

Explore Advanced Morphological Patterns: productive vs. non-productive affixes and morphological ambiguity in English.

Master English Grammar with Precision

Everything You Need to Progress

Structured Lessons

Smart MCQs

Level Exams

Personalized Paths

Your Learning Roadmap

Test Your Grammar

Nice work!

Why This Method Works

Micro-learning

Data-Driven

CEFR Aligned

Learn Anywhere, on Any Device