11 topics

Mechanics & Cohesion

The glue that holds English text together: conjunctions, discourse markers, punctuation as grammar, register and formality, complex connectors, metadiscourse markers, and pragmatic strategies.

A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2

Topics in this Category

  1. 1
    A1

    Coordinating Conjunctions (and, but, or)

    Master Coordinating Conjunctions (FANBOYS) to join equal ideas and write clearer, more fluent English sentences.
  2. 2
    A2

    Subordinating Conjunctions (because, so, when, before, after)

    Learn Subordinating Conjunctions (because, although, when, until) to build complex sentences and express nuanced meaning.
  3. 3
    B1

    Discourse Markers (Contrast, Addition, Result)

    Use Discourse Markers (however, moreover, therefore) to organise ideas and make your writing flow logically.
  4. 4
    B2

    Punctuation as Grammar

    Understand Punctuation as Grammar — semicolons, colons, dashes — to fix comma splices and write with precision.
  5. 5
    B2

    Advanced Discourse Markers

    Master Advanced Discourse Markers (albeit, notwithstanding, by contrast) for sophisticated, formal academic writing.
  6. 6
    C1

    Complex Connectors and Cohesion Devices

    Explore Complex Connectors and Cohesion Devices — reference chains, substitution, ellipsis — for seamless writing.
  7. 7
    C1

    Register and Formality

    Learn Register and Formality to shift grammar choices between formal, neutral, and informal English contexts.
  8. 8
    C2

    Advanced Discourse and Coherence (Thematic Organization)

    Master Advanced Discourse and Coherence — thematic progression, given-new structure — for a high-band IELTS essay.
  9. 9
    C2

    Metadiscourse Markers

    Learn Metadiscourse Markers (firstly, in other words, to summarise) to guide readers clearly through your text.
  10. 10
    C2

    Advanced Stylistics and Register

    Refine Advanced Stylistics and Register — sentence rhythm, hedging, tone — to boost your IELTS Writing band score.
  11. 11
    C2

    Pragmatics (Speech Acts, Implicature, Politeness Strategies)

    Explore Pragmatics — speech acts, Gricean maxims, face-saving strategies — to communicate with real-world nuance.