Grammar Topics
Browse and filter all grammar topics by level or category.
26 topics found
Future Continuous
The Future Continuous describes actions that will be in progress at a specific future moment. Used for planned arrangements, polite enquiries, and parallel future actions.
Have To / Don't Have To
Have to and don't have to are B1 expressions for external obligation and lack of necessity. Unlike must, have to works in all tenses and is essential for talking about rules and requirements.
Gerunds and Infinitives
When to use the -ing form (gerund) versus to + infinitive after verbs, adjectives, and nouns.
Passive Voice (Introduction)
Shifting focus from the doer to the action/receiver with be + past participle.
Indefinite Pronouns (someone, anything, nobody, everyone)
Pronouns that refer to non-specific people or things: someone, anyone, no one, everyone, something, anything, nothing, everything.
Basic Phrasal Verbs
Common verb + particle combinations: give up, look after, turn on, find out — and how to use them.
Could
Could serves as past ability, polite request, present possibility, and conditional ability. Learn when to use could vs was able to, and how could have expresses unrealised past possibilities.
Reported Speech (Introduction)
Reporting what someone said using reporting verbs and tense backshift: He said he was tired.
Shall
Shall is used for offers (Shall I?) and suggestions (Shall we?) in everyday British English, and for binding obligations in formal and legal contexts.
Question Tags
Short questions added to the end of statements to seek confirmation: You're coming, aren't you?
Indirect Questions
Polite question forms embedded in statements: Could you tell me where the station is?
Too and Enough
Too (more than necessary/desired) and enough (sufficient) with adjectives and infinitives.