B1 · Intermediate TOEIC 405–600 IELTS 4.0–5.0 Prepositions & Phrasal Verbs

Dependent Prepositions (The 'Glue')

Fixed prepositions after specific verbs, adjectives, and nouns: interested in, afraid of, good at.

What are Dependent Prepositions?

In English, many adjectives, nouns, and verbs must be followed by a specific preposition to make sense. This is called a dependent preposition. There are no easy rules for this, so you need to learn them as fixed expressions.

She is good at playing the piano.
I'm interested in history.
He is afraid of spiders.

1. Adjective + Preposition

Many adjectives that describe feelings or opinions are followed by a specific preposition.

Adjective Preposition Example
Good / Bad at He's really good at English.
Interested in Are you interested in art?
Afraid / Scared of My sister is afraid of heights.
Proud of I'm so proud of you for passing your exam.
Famous for This city is famous for its beautiful architecture.
Different from / to My opinion is different from yours.
Similar to Your house is similar to mine.

2. Verb + Preposition

Some verbs need a preposition before the object.

Verb Preposition Example
Listen to I like to listen to music in the evening.
Wait for Please wait for me. I'll be ready in five minutes.
Belong to Does this book belong to you?
Depend on Our picnic depends on the weather.
Agree with I don't agree with your decision.
Apologize for He apologized for being late.

3. Noun + Preposition

Some nouns are also commonly followed by a specific preposition.

Noun Preposition Example
Reason for What was the reason for the delay?
Interest in She has a keen interest in photography.
Difference between What's the difference between a laptop and a tablet?
Solution to There is no easy solution to this problem.

Common Errors and How to Fix Them

✗ Incorrect ✓ Correct Why
It depends of the situation. It depends on the situation. The verb depend always uses the preposition on.
She is married with a lawyer. She is married to a lawyer. We use married to someone.
I'm listening music. I'm listening to music. The verb listen needs the preposition to before the object.
He is good in sports. He is good at sports. We use good at to talk about skills and abilities.

Summary

Category Example Pairs
Feelings happy about, sad about, worried about
Skills good at, bad at, terrible at
Connections similar to, different from, related to

💡 The key takeaway: When you learn a new verb, adjective, or noun, check if it has a dependent preposition and learn them together as a chunk. For example, instead of learning "interested", learn "interested in".